Organic Chemistry
A.Y. 2018/2019
Learning objectives
The course intends to provide the fundamental knowledges of Organic Chemistry by studying the structure and reactiviy of the most common functional groups present in organic compounds.
Expected learning outcomes
Undefined
Lesson period: Second semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
Second semester
Course syllabus
Chemical bonding and structure: Electronic configuration and hybridization of carbon atom. Ionic and covalent bonds; polarity. Intermolecular interactions. Structures and formulas of organic molecules. Functional groups in organic chemistry.
Alkanes. IUPAC nomenclature, conformational isomerism, Newman projections, Combustion and alogenation of alkanes. Cyclic alkanes. IUPAC nomenclature; ring strain. Substituted cycloexanes and conformational considerations. Cis and trans isomers.
The organic reactions. Main types of organic reactions: mechanisms and intermediates involved. Acid-base equilibria. Radical and ionic reactions.
Stereochemistry. Chiral molecules; optical activity; absolute configurations and R-S sequence rules; Fischer projections. Molecules with several stereocenters: diastereomers and meso compounds. Stereochemistry in chemical reactions; resolution of enantiomers.
Alkenes. IUPAC nomenclature, structure and E/Z isomerism; relative stability. Synthesis and reactivity. Electrophilic addition. Alkynes. IUPAC nomenclature, acidity and reactivity.
Delocalized systems. Resonance theory. Allylic system and conjugated dienes. Benzene: structure, IUPAC nomenclature. Resonance energy. Huckel rule. Reactivity of benzene. Heteroaromatic compounds.
Haloalkanes. IUPAC nomenclature. Nucleophilic substitution SN2 and SN1: mechanisms, stereochemistry. Elimination reactions: mechanisms E1 and E2.
Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, Ethers. IUPAC nomenclature. Alcohols as acids and bases. Reactivity. Oxidations. Acidity of phenols. Oxidation of thiols. Synthesis and reactivity of ethers.
Aldehydes and ketones. IUPAC nomenclature, structure of carbonyl group. Keto-enol tautomerism. Reactions of nucleophilic additions: addition of water, alcohol, amines. Oxidations and reductions. Aldol condensation.
Carboxylic acids and derivatives. IUPAC nomenclature and acidity. Fatty acids and surface-active properties. Reactivity: nucleophilic acyl substitution. Esters, anhydrides, acid chlorides, amides, nitriles. Claisen and Dieckman condensation of esters.
Alkylamines. IUPAC nomenclature. Basicity and reactivity.
Aminoacids. Structure and properties. Natural amino acids and their classification. Definition of peptide and protein. Principles of peptide synthesis.
- The lectures are accompanied by exercises.
- There are no ongoing exams; the exam consists of a written test and an oral test, if any.
- Written test: 10 questions/exercises to be carried out in two hours. Each exercise enables the acquisition of a score between zero and three points. The overcoming of the written test, and then admitted to the oral test, is achieved when it reaches a total of 18 points.
- Oral test: takes place after the time required for the correction of the written, on average from a week from, and is supported by those who want to raise the vote reported in the written test.
Alkanes. IUPAC nomenclature, conformational isomerism, Newman projections, Combustion and alogenation of alkanes. Cyclic alkanes. IUPAC nomenclature; ring strain. Substituted cycloexanes and conformational considerations. Cis and trans isomers.
The organic reactions. Main types of organic reactions: mechanisms and intermediates involved. Acid-base equilibria. Radical and ionic reactions.
Stereochemistry. Chiral molecules; optical activity; absolute configurations and R-S sequence rules; Fischer projections. Molecules with several stereocenters: diastereomers and meso compounds. Stereochemistry in chemical reactions; resolution of enantiomers.
Alkenes. IUPAC nomenclature, structure and E/Z isomerism; relative stability. Synthesis and reactivity. Electrophilic addition. Alkynes. IUPAC nomenclature, acidity and reactivity.
Delocalized systems. Resonance theory. Allylic system and conjugated dienes. Benzene: structure, IUPAC nomenclature. Resonance energy. Huckel rule. Reactivity of benzene. Heteroaromatic compounds.
Haloalkanes. IUPAC nomenclature. Nucleophilic substitution SN2 and SN1: mechanisms, stereochemistry. Elimination reactions: mechanisms E1 and E2.
Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, Ethers. IUPAC nomenclature. Alcohols as acids and bases. Reactivity. Oxidations. Acidity of phenols. Oxidation of thiols. Synthesis and reactivity of ethers.
Aldehydes and ketones. IUPAC nomenclature, structure of carbonyl group. Keto-enol tautomerism. Reactions of nucleophilic additions: addition of water, alcohol, amines. Oxidations and reductions. Aldol condensation.
Carboxylic acids and derivatives. IUPAC nomenclature and acidity. Fatty acids and surface-active properties. Reactivity: nucleophilic acyl substitution. Esters, anhydrides, acid chlorides, amides, nitriles. Claisen and Dieckman condensation of esters.
Alkylamines. IUPAC nomenclature. Basicity and reactivity.
Aminoacids. Structure and properties. Natural amino acids and their classification. Definition of peptide and protein. Principles of peptide synthesis.
- The lectures are accompanied by exercises.
- There are no ongoing exams; the exam consists of a written test and an oral test, if any.
- Written test: 10 questions/exercises to be carried out in two hours. Each exercise enables the acquisition of a score between zero and three points. The overcoming of the written test, and then admitted to the oral test, is achieved when it reaches a total of 18 points.
- Oral test: takes place after the time required for the correction of the written, on average from a week from, and is supported by those who want to raise the vote reported in the written test.
Professor(s)