Agricultural Biochemistry and Physiology of Medicinal Plants
A.Y. 2018/2019
Learning objectives
Il corso fornisce allo studente le conoscenze riguardo i principali processi biochimici e fisiologici delle piante. Il corso affronta aspetti del metabolismo vegetale primario e secondario, della fisiologia e delle interazioni pianta-ambiente. Questi argomenti saranno approfonditi in relazione alla produzione e alla qualità delle piante officinali.
Expected learning outcomes
Undefined
Lesson period: Second semester
Assessment methods: Esame
Assessment result: voto verbalizzato in trentesimi
Single course
This course cannot be attended as a single course. Please check our list of single courses to find the ones available for enrolment.
Course syllabus and organization
Single session
Responsible
Lesson period
Second semester
ATTENDING STUDENTS
Course syllabus
NON-ATTENDING STUDENTS
WATER STATUS AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN PLANT (1 CFU) - The structure and properties of water. The concept of water potential and cell-water relations in plant. The water balance of plants. Water absorption by roots. Water transport through the xylem. Leaf transpiration and stomatal control. Mineral nutrition. Macro- and micro- nutrients. The concept of rhizosphere and soil-plant-microbe interactions. Solute transport. Chemical potential. Passive and active transport and membrane transport processes. Kinetic properties of transport proteins.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS (1 CFU) - Chemical-physical properties of light. Photosynthetic pigments. Organization of the photosynthetic apparatus. The photosynthetic light reactions. Roles of photosystems I and I, cytochrome membrane complexes, electron and proton transfer systems. The photophosphorylation mechanism. Repair and regulation of the photosynthetic machinery. The Calvin cycle. Photorespiration. C4 carbon cycle. Crassulacean acid metabolism. Physiological and ecological considerations about photosynthesis.
PLANT NUTRITIONAL STATUS: PHOTOSYNTHATE DISTRIBUTION AND MINERAL NUTRITION (1 CFU) - Synthesis of starch and sucrose. Translocation in the phloem. Photosynthate allocation and partitioning. Nitrate and ammonium assimilation. Biological nitrogen fixation. Sulfur assimilation. Summary of amino acid metabolism. The shikimate pathway. Acquisition and roles of phosphate and cation macronutrients. Roles of micronutrients. Acquisition of iron.
INSIGHTS ON THE PLANT PRIMARY METABOLISM AND RESPONSE TO LIGHT (1 CFU) - Seed germination. Lipid metabolism in plants. The glyoxylate cycle. Gluconeogenesis in plant. Plant respiration: systems involved in the transfer of reducing equivalents and the alternative respiratory pathway. Signal transduction. The photo-physiology of blue-light responses. Phytochrome and light control of plant development.
PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY (1 CFU) - Physiological aspects and actions of plant growth regulators. Auxins. Cytokinins. Gibberellins. Ethylene. Abscisic acid. Stress physiology: water deficit and salt stress, heat stress and chilling injury, oxygen deficiency.
PLANT SECONDARY METABOLISM (1 CFU): Eco-physiological aspects of secondary metabolism: defence and communication. Biosynthetic pathways and physiological functions of terpenes. Biosynthesis and physiological roles of phenolic compounds (lignin, coumarins, flavonoids, phytoalexins and tannins). Biosynthesis and physiological roles of nitrogen-containing compounds (alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, and nonprotein amino acids). Experimental strategies to improve secondary metabolite production.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS (1 CFU) - Chemical-physical properties of light. Photosynthetic pigments. Organization of the photosynthetic apparatus. The photosynthetic light reactions. Roles of photosystems I and I, cytochrome membrane complexes, electron and proton transfer systems. The photophosphorylation mechanism. Repair and regulation of the photosynthetic machinery. The Calvin cycle. Photorespiration. C4 carbon cycle. Crassulacean acid metabolism. Physiological and ecological considerations about photosynthesis.
PLANT NUTRITIONAL STATUS: PHOTOSYNTHATE DISTRIBUTION AND MINERAL NUTRITION (1 CFU) - Synthesis of starch and sucrose. Translocation in the phloem. Photosynthate allocation and partitioning. Nitrate and ammonium assimilation. Biological nitrogen fixation. Sulfur assimilation. Summary of amino acid metabolism. The shikimate pathway. Acquisition and roles of phosphate and cation macronutrients. Roles of micronutrients. Acquisition of iron.
INSIGHTS ON THE PLANT PRIMARY METABOLISM AND RESPONSE TO LIGHT (1 CFU) - Seed germination. Lipid metabolism in plants. The glyoxylate cycle. Gluconeogenesis in plant. Plant respiration: systems involved in the transfer of reducing equivalents and the alternative respiratory pathway. Signal transduction. The photo-physiology of blue-light responses. Phytochrome and light control of plant development.
PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY (1 CFU) - Physiological aspects and actions of plant growth regulators. Auxins. Cytokinins. Gibberellins. Ethylene. Abscisic acid. Stress physiology: water deficit and salt stress, heat stress and chilling injury, oxygen deficiency.
PLANT SECONDARY METABOLISM (1 CFU): Eco-physiological aspects of secondary metabolism: defence and communication. Biosynthetic pathways and physiological functions of terpenes. Biosynthesis and physiological roles of phenolic compounds (lignin, coumarins, flavonoids, phytoalexins and tannins). Biosynthesis and physiological roles of nitrogen-containing compounds (alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, and nonprotein amino acids). Experimental strategies to improve secondary metabolite production.
Course syllabus
WATER STATUS AND SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN PLANT (1 CFU) - The structure and properties of water. The concept of water potential and cell-water relations in plant. The water balance of plants. Water absorption by roots. Water transport through the xylem. Leaf transpiration and stomatal control. Mineral nutrition. Macro- and micro- nutrients. The concept of rhizosphere and soil-plant-microbe interactions. Solute transport. Chemical potential. Passive and active transport and membrane transport processes. Kinetic properties of transport proteins.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS (1 CFU) - Chemical-physical properties of light. Photosynthetic pigments. Organization of the photosynthetic apparatus. The photosynthetic light reactions. Roles of photosystems I and I, cytochrome membrane complexes, electron and proton transfer systems. The photophosphorylation mechanism. Repair and regulation of the photosynthetic machinery. The Calvin cycle. Photorespiration. C4 carbon cycle. Crassulacean acid metabolism. Physiological and ecological considerations about photosynthesis.
PLANT NUTRITIONAL STATUS: PHOTOSYNTHATE DISTRIBUTION AND MINERAL NUTRITION (1 CFU) - Synthesis of starch and sucrose. Translocation in the phloem. Photosynthate allocation and partitioning. Nitrate and ammonium assimilation. Biological nitrogen fixation. Sulfur assimilation. Summary of amino acid metabolism. The shikimate pathway. Acquisition and roles of phosphate and cation macronutrients. Roles of micronutrients. Acquisition of iron.
INSIGHTS ON THE PLANT PRIMARY METABOLISM AND RESPONSE TO LIGHT (1 CFU) - Seed germination. Lipid metabolism in plants. The glyoxylate cycle. Gluconeogenesis in plant. Plant respiration: systems involved in the transfer of reducing equivalents and the alternative respiratory pathway. Signal transduction. The photo-physiology of blue-light responses. Phytochrome and light control of plant development.
PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY (1 CFU) - Physiological aspects and actions of plant growth regulators. Auxins. Cytokinins. Gibberellins. Ethylene. Abscisic acid. Stress physiology: water deficit and salt stress, heat stress and chilling injury, oxygen deficiency.
PLANT SECONDARY METABOLISM (1 CFU): Eco-physiological aspects of secondary metabolism: defence and communication. Biosynthetic pathways and physiological functions of terpenes. Biosynthesis and physiological roles of phenolic compounds (lignin, coumarins, flavonoids, phytoalexins and tannins). Biosynthesis and physiological roles of nitrogen-containing compounds (alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, and nonprotein amino acids). Experimental strategies to improve secondary metabolite production.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN HIGHER PLANTS (1 CFU) - Chemical-physical properties of light. Photosynthetic pigments. Organization of the photosynthetic apparatus. The photosynthetic light reactions. Roles of photosystems I and I, cytochrome membrane complexes, electron and proton transfer systems. The photophosphorylation mechanism. Repair and regulation of the photosynthetic machinery. The Calvin cycle. Photorespiration. C4 carbon cycle. Crassulacean acid metabolism. Physiological and ecological considerations about photosynthesis.
PLANT NUTRITIONAL STATUS: PHOTOSYNTHATE DISTRIBUTION AND MINERAL NUTRITION (1 CFU) - Synthesis of starch and sucrose. Translocation in the phloem. Photosynthate allocation and partitioning. Nitrate and ammonium assimilation. Biological nitrogen fixation. Sulfur assimilation. Summary of amino acid metabolism. The shikimate pathway. Acquisition and roles of phosphate and cation macronutrients. Roles of micronutrients. Acquisition of iron.
INSIGHTS ON THE PLANT PRIMARY METABOLISM AND RESPONSE TO LIGHT (1 CFU) - Seed germination. Lipid metabolism in plants. The glyoxylate cycle. Gluconeogenesis in plant. Plant respiration: systems involved in the transfer of reducing equivalents and the alternative respiratory pathway. Signal transduction. The photo-physiology of blue-light responses. Phytochrome and light control of plant development.
PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY (1 CFU) - Physiological aspects and actions of plant growth regulators. Auxins. Cytokinins. Gibberellins. Ethylene. Abscisic acid. Stress physiology: water deficit and salt stress, heat stress and chilling injury, oxygen deficiency.
PLANT SECONDARY METABOLISM (1 CFU): Eco-physiological aspects of secondary metabolism: defence and communication. Biosynthetic pathways and physiological functions of terpenes. Biosynthesis and physiological roles of phenolic compounds (lignin, coumarins, flavonoids, phytoalexins and tannins). Biosynthesis and physiological roles of nitrogen-containing compounds (alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, and nonprotein amino acids). Experimental strategies to improve secondary metabolite production.
Professor(s)
Reception:
By appointment. Please request by email.
At the office. Bldg. 21090, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Milano. Alternatively, online on the Teams platform.